ROUTE OPTIMIZATION

 youtube video link:

https://youtu.be/vIGMQlCHhow

ROUTE OPTIMISATION

BINDING REQUEST

A Binding Request message is used by a node to request a mobile node's current mobility binding from a mobile node or the mobile node's home agent

Reserved Sent as 0.

BINDING UPDATE

For a Binding Update to be authenticated by the original source node, the source node and the home agent must have established a mobility security association. ... When a mobile node moves and registers with a new foreign agent, the base Mobile IP protocol does not notify the mobile node's previous foreign agent

BINDING ACKNOWLEDGE

Binding Acknowledge Message is sent as an acknowledgment of BU message only when the acknowledgment bit in the BU message is set to 1

BINDING WARNING

The binding warning is sent by the previous foreign agent in response to receiving a tunneled datagram for a mobile node for which it has a binding and for which it is not acting as the current foreign agent. The binding warning is sent to the home agent.